馬太福音第15章七餅幾條魚和迦南婦人的神蹟 查經資料 伯特利教會黃哲輝牧師
Ⅰ、本章大綱。
壹、法利賽人怪門徒不洗手。V.1-20
貳、醫治迦南婦女的女兒。V.21-28
參、加利利海邊山上的神蹟。V.29-39
Ⅱ、本章內容。
壹、法利賽人怪門徒不洗手。V.1-20
一、當時的問題。
1.那時,有法利賽人和文士從耶路撒冷來見耶穌,太15:1
2.說:你的門徒為甚麼犯古人的遺傳呢?太15:2
3.因為喫飯的時候,他們不洗手。太15:2
二、當時的情況。
1. 耶穌的回答。
A.你們為甚麼因著你們的遺傳犯神的誡命呢?太15:3
B.神說:『當孝敬父母』;又說:『咒罵父母的,必治死他。太15:4
C.可以不孝敬父母。15:5-6
只要說:『無論何人對父母說:我所當奉給你的已經作了供獻,
D.這就是你們藉著遺傳,廢了神的誡命。
2.耶穌的責備。
A.他說:假冒為善的人,太15:7 以賽亞指著你們說的豫言是不錯
B.這百姓用嘴唇尊敬我,心卻遠離我;太15:8
C.他們將人的吩咐當作道理教導人,太15:9
D.所以拜我也是枉然。」太15:9
3.耶穌的教導。
A.耶穌就叫了眾人來,對他們說:太15:10
B.你們要聽,也要明白。太15:10
C.入口的不能污穢人,出口的乃能污穢人。」太15:11
4.法利賽人的反應。太15:12
A.當時,門徒進前來對他說:
B.法利賽人聽見這話,不服(原文是跌倒),你知道麼?」
5.耶穌的反應。
A. 耶穌回答說:凡栽種的物,若不是我天父栽種的,必要拔出來。太15:13
B.任憑他們罷!太15:14
C.他們是瞎眼領路的;
D.若是瞎子領瞎子,兩個人都要掉在坑裏。」
6、彼得的疑問。太15:15
彼得對耶穌說:「請將這比喻講給我們聽。」
7.耶穌的解釋。
A.耶穌說:「你們到如今還不明白麼?太15:16
B.豈不知.
a.入口的,是運到肚子裏,又落在茅廁裏麼?太15:17凡
b.惟獨出口的,是從心裏發出來的,這纔污穢人。太15:18
C.因為從心裏發出來的,太15:19
有惡念、兇殺、姦淫、苟合、偷盜、妄證、謗讟。
D.這都是污穢人的;至於不洗手喫飯,那卻不污穢人。」太15:20
貳、醫治迦南婦女的女兒。V.21-28
耶穌離開那裏,退到推羅、西頓的境內去。太15:21
一、婦人的禱告。
1.有一個迦南婦人,從那地方出來,太15:22
2.喊著說:「主阿,大衛的子孫,可憐我!太15:22
3.我女兒被鬼附得甚苦。」太15:22
4.耶穌卻一言不答。太15:23
5.門徒進前來,求他說:太15:23
A.這婦人在我們後頭喊叫,
B.請打發他走罷。
二、婦人被拒絕。
1.耶穌說:「我奉差遣不過是到以色列家迷失的羊那裏去。」太15:24
2.那婦人來拜他,說:「主阿,幫助我!」太15:25
三、婦人被責備。
1.他回答說:「不好拿兒女的餅丟給狗喫。」太15:26
2.婦人說:主阿,不錯;太15:27
3.但是狗也喫他主人桌子上掉下來的碎渣兒。」
四、婦人的信心。
1.耶穌說:「婦人,你的信心是大的!太15:28
2.照你所要的,給你成全了罷。太15:28
3.從那時候,他女兒就好了。太15:28
參、加利利海邊山上的神蹟。V.29-39
一、醫病。
1.地點:耶穌離開那地方,來到靠近加利利的海邊,就上山坐下。太15:29
2.醫病的過程:
A.有許多人到他那裏,太15:30
帶著瘸子、瞎子、啞吧、有殘疾的,和好些別的病人,
B.都放在他腳前;太15:30
C.他就治好了他們。太15:30
3.醫病的結果。
A.甚至眾人都希奇;太15:31
B.因為看見啞吧說話,殘疾的痊癒,瘸子行走,瞎子看見,太15:31
C.他們就歸榮耀給以色列的神。太15:31
二、四千人喫飽。
1.原因。
A.耶穌叫門徒來,太15:32
B.說:我憐憫這眾人,太15:32
因為他們同我在這裏已經三天,也沒有喫的了。太15:32
C.我不願意叫他們餓著回去,太15:32
D.恐怕在路上困乏。太15:32
2.過程(轉移)
A.門徒說:太15:33
我們在這野地,那裏有這麼多的餅叫這許多人喫飽呢?」
B.耶穌說:「你們有多少餅?」太15:34
C.他們說:「有七個,還有幾條小魚。」太15:34
D.他就吩咐眾人坐在地上,太15:35
E.拿著這七個餅和幾條魚,祝謝了,太15:36
F.擘開,遞給門徒;門徒又遞給眾人。太15:36
3.結果。
A.眾人都喫,並且喫飽了,太15:37
B.收拾剩下的零碎,裝滿了七個筐子。太15:37
C.喫的人,除了婦女孩子,共有四千。太15:38
D.耶穌叫眾人散去,就上船,來到馬加丹的境界。太15:39
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"God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom the world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world."(Gal. 6:14)
THEY were living to themselves; self with its hopes, and promises and dreams, still had hold of them; but the Lord began to fulfill their prayers. They had asked for contrition, and had surrendered for it to be given them at any cost, and He sent them sorrow; they had asked for purity, and He sent them thrilling anguish; they had asked to be meek, and He had broken their hearts; they had asked to be dead to the world, and He slew all their living hopes; they had asked to be made like unto Him, and He placed them in the furnace, sitting by "as a refiner and purifier of silver," until they should reflect His image; they had asked to lay hold of His cross, and when He had reached it to them it lacerated their hands.
They had asked they knew not what, nor how, but He had taken them at their word, and granted them all their petitions. They were hardly willing to follow Him so far, or to draw so night to Him. They had upon them an awe and fear, as Jacob at Bethel, or Eliphaz in the night visions, or as the apostles when they thought that they had seen a spirit, and knew not that it was Jesus. They could almost pray Him to depart from them, or to hide His awfulness. They found it easier to obey than to suffer, to do than to give up, to bear the cross than to hang upon it. But they cannot to back, for they have come too near the unseen cross, and its virtues have pierced too deeply within them. He is fulfilling to them His promise, "And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me" (John 12:32).
But now at last their turn has come. Before, they had only heard of the mystery, but now they feel it. He has fastened on them His look of love, as He did on Mary and Peter, and they can but choose to follow.
Little by little, from time to time, by fitting gleams, the mystery of His cross shines out upon them. They behold Him lifted up, they gaze on the glory which rays from the wounds of His holy passion; and as they gaze they advance, and are changed into His likeness, and His name shines out throught them, for He dwells in them. They live alone with Him above, in unspeakable fellowship; willing to lack what others own (and what they might have had), and to be unlike all, so that they are only like Him.
Such, are they in all ages, "who follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth."
Had they chosen for themselves, or their friends chosen for them, they would have chosen otherwise. They would have been brighter here, but less glorious in His Kingdom. They would have had Lot's portion, not Abraham's. If they had halted anywhere-if God had taken off His hand and let them stray back-what would they not have lost? What forfeits in the resurrection?
But He stayed them up, even against themselves. Many a time their foot had well night slipped; but He in mercy held them up. Now, even in this life, they know that all He did was done well. It was good to suffer here, that they might reign hereafter; to bear the cross below, for they shall wear the crown above; and that not their will but His was done on them and in them.
-Anonymous.
基督曾說過:「我心柔和謙卑,你們當學我的樣式,這樣你們心裏就必得享安息。」這兒有雙重的真理,有忍耐、溫柔、謙卑和與神和好的美德,這與傚法基督或信靠祂有相同的意義;同時因著你有這些美德,可以完全脫離亞當墮落的本性而有信靠主高尚的行為。
連帶而有的福份,是因著脫離罪惡和對基督初步信仰、期望,受基督忍耐、溫柔、謙卑和與神和好的靈引導並管理;當你具有這些德性,你的生命就有目的,是真理和生命的基督才會在你裏面,你不再掌權,而是基督在你裏面活著。除非你願在忍耐、溫柔、謙卑和與神和好裏治死老我,否則神聖愛的靈,因無立足之地而不能在你裏面產生;而當你又為不忍耐、驕傲所困擾之際,馬上完全捨己,求神施恩幫助。當你遇到難處就促使與神親近,最能使你忍耐接受神的幫助,我們對神有多少信心和期望就可得多少的啟示。
「這些雖然很簡短,但是真正確的教義,使我們因賜下的救恩而真正完全順服神的啟示下,也真正宣告承認三而一的真神。」現在願你有個思想:完全將我的心靈獻上,單單尋求救恩,直接藉著溫柔、謙卑、忍耐和與神和好的力量,使我的生命有屬天的德性。
「並且要作這更大的事,因為我往父那裡去。」約翰福音十四章12節
祈禱不是叫我們適於那偉大的工作;祈禱本身就是偉大的工作。我們以為祈禱,是叫我們得到較高的能力,去應付神的工作。但按照耶穌基督的眼光看,祈禱是我本已救贖的奇蹟,藉著神的能力,同時也是別人救贖的奇蹟。結果子之方法,是祈禱,但須記取的,這種祈禱是建立在救贖的痛苦,不是建立於我的痛苦。一個小孩能獲得祈禱的答覆,一個聰明人反而得不著。
你無論在那裡祈禱總是一種戰爭。不管神製造環境的方法怎樣,本分就是祈禱。切不可如此作想──「我所在的地方,不見得有用;」因為你不在的地方,你必沒有有用。無論神安排你在那裡,祈禱,常常向祂祈禱。「你們若奉我的名求甚麼,我必成就。」(約十四13)我們不肯祈禱,我們得不著奮興,就不肯祈禱,那就是靈性自私的極度形態。我們要依照神的指導而勞動,但祂指導我們的是祈禱,「所以你們當求莊稼的主,打發工人出去,收祂的莊稼。
通常的工人對於工作,是沒有興奮的,但是成功通常是工作勞作出來的;同樣基督的概念,沒有那些勞苦的聖徒是不會發現的。你慇勤祈禱,從神的立場看,是無時不發生效果的。當帕子揭開,一種說不出的驚奇必然發現,你可以看出你是慣於接受耶穌基督的命令的,已經為祂收穫了不少的靈魂。
「……亞伯拉罕信神……」羅馬書四章3節
亞伯拉罕的信心是向著神本身的,他認識帶領他的神,所以他對神有絕對的信心。
亞伯拉罕一生的秘訣在於他與神的友誼。他所認識的神是一位偉大、良善、信實的朋友。無怪乎他能聽神的話,從他自身所愛的本家本族出來,走向一條未知的道路。
除了信靠神的話語,我們是否已學會把自己全然交給神呢?神有無限的愛及力量,祂是與我們立約的主並永遠的好朋友。
經上告訴我們,亞伯拉罕因著信心而榮耀了神。最能榮耀神的辦法,乃是讓世人看見神是誰,以及祂的大能力。神並不希望藉著我們所能做的事,讓世人知道祂能做什麼;神也不用那些有乖謬性格的器皿。相反的,祂一直在找尋那些謙卑的人,並用這些人在世世代代中榮耀祂。